- Coherence of public policies in Poland in the perspective of the process of reaching full adulthood
The issue of transition into adulthood, treated as a complex, multidimensional and multistage social process, is not explicitly an object of interest to public policies, including social policy. The context of the life course policy mentioned in the analyzes is justified by the institutionalization of tasks related to functioning in society typical of full adulthood: completing education, taking up employment, setting up your own household and family. The so-called delayed transition into adulthood means an increasingly later implementation of these tasks. The tendencies in reaching full adulthood indicated in the article mean that this process becomes a social problem that should be prevented by public activities. The article, based on the synthetically presented results of the research "Public policies for full adulthood in Poland" (National Science Center No. people aged 25–34. The purpose of the considerations is to indicate the need for coherence and coordination in the creation and implementation of political and institutional instruments. They would support these young adult Poles in their transition to adulthood, which takes place in four dimensions (education, work, housing and family life) and the separation of the transition to adulthood regime in Polish social policy (public policies).
- The environment and place of residence in the life of older people
The place of residence for every person is part of their everyday life environment and largely determines their sense of security, while the housing conditions affect the quality of life. Therefore, proper housing conditions, meeting the needs of older people and a friendly local environment have an impact on experiencing old age. The research shows that the elderly want to stay in their own house / flat as long as possible, in an environment known to them and friendly to them. Therefore, it is equally important to adapt a flat or a house to the possibilities of older people, as well as appropriate shaping of the public space, enabling them to move freely. Moreover, aging in the place of residence should mean the launch of numerous services adapted to the changing needs of this very diverse group of elderly people over time, which is part of the de-institutionalization process.
- Social clauses as an instrument to support the social economy sector
Based on the research results, the opinions of representatives of social economy entities and local government units on the current, low level of use of social clauses indicated in the provisions of the Public Procurement Law Act, which are a tool to increase the participation of social economy entities in public procurement market. Research confirms the low use of the mechanism of social clauses, and the main limitations of the use of these tools by local government units are: lack of sufficient knowledge about the social benefits resulting from the provision of social services by social economy entities and the fear of using a legal measure that restricts competition of entities operating on the procurement market public. According to the respondents, the basis for actions to increase interest in the use of the mechanism of social clauses is informing about the goals of the social economy and the potential of social economy entities.
- Determinants of employee movement between labor market segments
The article deals with the issue of mobility between the secondary and primary segments on the Polish labor market, referring to the theory of labor market segmentation. The individual segments have been separated, taking into account both the type of employment contract (contract for an indefinite or definite period) and the payroll distribution. Using the unit data of the Labor Force Survey, the parameters of the binomial model were estimated, which made it possible to determine the probability of transition from the secondary to the primary segment and to identify the supply and demand determinants of this process on the Polish labor market. The obtained results are consistent with the trap hypothesis, pointing to the limited chances of people working in the secondary segment to move to the primary segment. Nevertheless, there has been a noticeable increase in the scale of flows to the primary segment in recent years, which is the result of changes in the real (measured by a drop in the unemployment rate) and institutional spheres. The most important determinants of mobility between the segments turned out to be the age of employees, the level of education, the propensity to invest in human capital, and the size of the enterprise. In addition, regional and sectoral differences in the probability of mobility were identified - the probability was higher for workers living in large agglomerations and in close proximity to the German labor market.
- Experience of growing up in a care and educational facility - research report
The article is devoted to the functioning of adolescent charges of a care and educational facility in Białystok. Its aim is to show the experience of growing up in an orphanage from the pupils' perspective. The first part presents theoretical assumptions regarding the experience of adolescence, the organization of foster care in Poland, growing up in its institutional form and the de-institutionalization process. The second part of the text presents the methodological assumptions of the author's own research and the results of growing up in institutional foster care. Qualitative research using the method of individual cases was carried out in May 2021 with the charges of the Return House in Białystok. The concept of qualitative data analysis by Matthew B. Miles and A. Michael Huberman was used to analyze the empirical material. In the light of the results of the research, the charges function properly in the care and educational institution, the experience of growing up in an orphanage is not a trauma for them, but they have difficulties with establishing close relationships, they lack a significant adult, and are also quite dependent.
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