- About the emergence and prevention of disability
In research on the phenomenon of disability, asymmetry can be noticed. Much more research is devoted to the living problem of people with disabilities and the methods of supporting and activating them. However, less - preventing the emergence of health threats leading to disability. The article indicates that research on the prevention of disability should be multidisciplinary and carried out in relation to the course and places of life. This would also require a longitudinal approach. Correspondingly to this proposal, examples of studies that meet the formulated requirements have been noted, as well as guidelines from WHO and other specialized organizations on the use of clear definitions, creating national information collections and mobilizing for participation in relevant databases at international levels.
- Risk of poverty in households with persons with disabilities
The aim of the article is a problematic analysis in the light of the available statistical data of the risk of poverty in households with persons with disabilities. The conducted analyzes indicate that the income of households of people with disabilities is largely dependent on social transfers, and their dynamics is much lower than in households of people without disabilities. The level of income largely protects against extreme poverty, but exposure to relative poverty has increased steadily over the past decade. Comparing the structure of expenditure of households of people with disabilities and other households, we can see a higher level of expenditure on health-related needs. This is a premise for a higher threshold of access to family benefits for these farms.
- Policy of supporting employment of people with disabilities in selected countries of the world
The right of people with disabilities to participate in economic life includes the right to employment and participation in labor relations. The policy of supporting the employment of people with disabilities refers to activities oriented at the labor market and strengthening the employment opportunities of this social category. Such a policy is aimed at the simultaneous use of several or even a dozen or so activation instruments. The legal instruments supporting employers of people with disabilities in 10 countries, including 8 from the EU, such as: Belgium (Brussels and the capital region), China, the Czech Republic, France, Japan, Spain, Germany (Brandenburg), Luxembourg, Slovakia and Italy were analyzed. The analysis is also enriched by the description of the instruments used in other countries of the world, if they were worthy of attention. Particular emphasis was placed on showing systemic solutions that sometimes allow employment support to be different than in Poland. The analysis describes the most interesting and best-functioning instruments which, within a given policy, implement the principle of equal opportunities and fight against discrimination, and enable employment of a person with disabilities.
- People with intellectual disabilities in relation to other types of disabilities
Disability is a broad concept, encompassing various types of disability, various life possibilities of disabled people and various needs of public support. People with intellectual disabilities belong to a specific group. They do not belong to the mainstream of activities supporting and activating people with disabilities. Although this is a small group (about 1%), it also requires care, which it does not receive in the current system of social policy towards disabled people. The article indicates examples of public activities, both unfavorable and beneficial for the well-being of people with intellectual disabilities. This could be the beginning of the preparation of a project of appropriate public measures to support this group of people.
- Activity of family carers of the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic
The article is devoted to various dimensions of the activity of family carers of the elderly during the coronavirus pandemic. The research is based on quantitative and qualitative analyzes covering several spheres of caregivers' activity: directly related to care, pro-health, digital and professional. The results show that the period of the pandemic was conducive to the intensification of caring activity, which was accompanied by limited access to external formal and informal support as well as restrictions in various forms of carers' participation outside the remote contact mode. Difficult and limited pro-health activity and participation in social relations as well as overburdening with care and often greater loneliness than before the pandemic could lead to deterioration of the well-being of caregivers on many levels and thus should be the subject of reflection and influence on the part of social policy entities. An important element of activity turned out to be navigating the world of new digital technologies, which allowed for the implementation of various functions, but also had its limitations. However, the impact of the pandemic on the professional activity of carers turned out to be ambiguous.
Polityka Społeczna (Social Policy) - the whole list