• Animal migrations in the face of climate change
    The current global warming is incomparable to those previously observed due to its scale and pace. For many animals, a clear trend of movement towards higher latitudes and higher altitudes is observed and is expected to increase further. The impact of other factors strengthens the effects of climate change and hinders or prevents the migration of animals to safe habitats and the maintenance of a stable population.
  • Judgment of the Court of 5 September 2019 on the protection of plants against Xzlella fastiodiosa
    The operative part of the Italian Republic, by not ensuring the immediate removal of at least all plants found to be infected with Xylella fastidiosa in the infected zone within 20 km of the border of this infected zone with the rest of the EU territory in the area of containment, has failed to fulfill its obligations, which weigh on her under art. 7 item 2 lit. (c) Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/789 of 18 May 2015 on measures to prevent the introduction into the Union and the spread within the Union of Xylella fastidiosa. Facts On 21 October 2013, Italy informed the Member States and the Commission of the presence of the Xf organism on its territory, in two separate areas of the Lecce province, in the Puglia region. On October 29, 2013, precautionary measures were taken in the Puglia region to prevent the spread and eradicate the said organism.
  • Technology curiosities from around the world
    Newspapers for the production of carbon nanotubes Researchers at Swansea University have found that old newspapers can be used as a cheap, ecological material on which massive carbon nanotubes can be grown on a massive scale. Carbon nanotubes are considered to be the material of the future, because they have many applications from transparent solar cell components, through flexible electronics to new generation cellular antennas. The latest research aimed to find a substance whose surface is best suited to the growth of nanotubes while reducing costs and easy scalability of the entire process. It turned out that such material can be old newspapers. First of all, they are easy to store, thanks to the possibility of multiple folding. This is an excellent, relatively thin surface on which nanotubes can be collected. However, not every paper will be suitable for this task. The best is the one made with the addition of kaolin, i.e. ceramic clay.
  • Water pollution in Poland. Condition, causes, effects. Report
    In 2012, the European Commission recognized water resources as necessary for people's lives, nature and economy. The uniqueness of water also lies in the fact that it cannot be replaced by other resources. Access to clean and safe drinking water is recognized as an important human right. The Water Framework Directive, which entered into force in 2000, explicitly states that water is not a commercial product, but a human heritage necessary for life, sustainable development, and ecosystem functioning. According to the State Environmental Monitoring of the Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection and the Committee for Research on Water Hazards at the Presidium of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 92% of surface water bodies examined in 2010-2015, as part of diagnostic monitoring, did not meet the requirements of good ecological status.
  • Black as the devil
    Sometimes at the holiday table. It is small or large, with or without a sheepskin coat. Has a hundred advantages. It awakens, inspires, relaxes, and when the head breaks - heals. Great Jan Sebastian Bach repeated that she was better than a thousand kisses, and the American Nobel Prize winner T.S. Eliot did not hide that his creative life was measured by teaspoons of mocha. And it's hardly surprising. Today, the world drinks 450 billion cups of coffee annually. From the wealth of literature describing the phenomenon of "little black" I choose several issues. Hit or miss. The beginnings of coffee lie somewhere between Ethiopia and Kenya, in a place that is considered the cradle of humanity. One of the legends describing the first meeting of a man with coffee comes from the 9th century.

AURA Ochrona Środowiska (AURA Environmental Protection) - full list